Here’s a senario: you are camping in the middle of the woods with no cell coverage. You are peacefully sitting by the fire, when suddenly a spark lands on a nearby piece of birchbark, which erupts in flame. It is now spreading rapidly.
If you answered either, start singing “Twinkle Twinkle Little Star”, or Run and Scream, then most definitely continue reading. If you answered Quickly grab some water and dump it on the fire, well you’re correct, but still continue reading. In situations like the one above you need to stay calm, and act quickly. But, situations like a fire expanding don’t have to happen. Yes, you can prevent these situations. One of the best ways is to know how to do certain things that will help you in situations, perhaps like the one above. Interested in learning? Yes? Then keep reading!
1. How to make and light a fire:
First, you need some materials: small dry twigs/sticks, some softball sized rocks, and matches or a lighter. With the rocks form a small circular ring of rocks about 1.5 feet in diameter. (Now, you do not have to do the rock circle, but it’s safer). Next, take your small dry twigs/sticks and make a mini tepee with them inside the rock circle. Before you light your twigs/sticks get a bucket of water, and but it by your fire, just in case, (though it’s unlikely) your fire gets out of controll. Now comes the easy part, take your lighter or match, and light the botton of your stick teepee. If you the fire isn’t spreading then light in a couple other places. Also, if needed add a few more sticks or birchbark to keep your fire burning But, make sure not to put big sticks or logs or else you’ll smother the fire.
Click here to see a video that might help you visualize the making of a fire.
2. Five basic knots you need to know how to tie:
- Overhand Knot
- Half Knot
- Square Knot
- Figure 8 Knot
- Bowline Knot
Click here to see a Prezi I made on how you can use these knots and pictures of them.
Also, here is a good website that has some more information on these knots, and other knots.
3. Make a shelter
Making a shelter really depends on the weather. For instance, if it is pouring freezing rain, you probably won’t have time to construct a decent stick shelter, you’d freeze before you were finished! You, instead, would want to quickly find a natural shelter, one that’s already there: a cave, tree bows, (making a make-shift roof), an overhang, (like a rock) etc. Or if you’re lucky, a man made shelter. So, that’s what you do if you need shelter right away. But, if it’s sunny, and you don’t need shelter immediately then you can construct one yourself. Another thing to consider is, do you have time to make a decent shelter that you could use for multiple days, or do you you just have time to make a quick one, (like, if dangerous weather is coming soon). If you have to act quick then you shelter will probably be more of a lean-to shelter, just to keep you safe while a storm passes. But if you have time, then you could construct more of a cabin like shelter, or depending on you environment, maybe a hammock of some sorts, if you’re in the rain forrest!
To see some examples of shelters, check out this video:
4. Find a source of water
The Rule of Threes states that a person can, “survive for three days without water.” That’s not very long, especially if you’re stranded and/or lost in the wilderness. A human needs water to survive. So if you are stranded and/or lost in the wilderness here is a list of water sources that you could look for:
- Rain Water
- Dew Drops, (on leaves or grass, in the morning)
- Snow or Ice, (melt it, possibly under the sun, or over a fire)
- Water from a stream, river, lake, or any other relatively clean body of water!*
*But, WARNING! before chugging water from a stream, river etc, YOU MUST PURIFY IT!!! There may be bacteria and diseases in water that make it unsafe to drink. So how do you purify it? Well, here are the two best to you can purify water:
- You can use a special water bottle that purifies that water for you. (Go here to see some.)
- You can boil it for at least two minutes.
5. Find Food:
Like water, food is essential to keep human beings alive. If you’re in the wilderness, (and you don’t have any food!), you can: find berries, plants, nuts, or animals, (well some animals!). Those are pretty much the basic foods you will want to eat in the wilderness. It is very important, that, especially when you’re eating plants, or berries, (mushrooms!) you know what your doing, have an expert on it with you, or a book that specifically explains what to eat and what not to eat. Mushrooms are a great example, you may be looking for a certain edible mushroom, and find a look alike that is lethal! (Not Good)!
Click here to see a good book that you might want to buy, it’s a bit expensive, but worth it.
But, if you don’t want to buy the book, there are lots of good websites, click here to see one that I liked, about edible plants, and click here to read about edible mushrooms.
Some animals you could hunt, and then eat in the wilderness, (if you don’t have a gun) are:
- Squirrel
- Rabbit
- Woodchuck
Works Cited: